Saturday, December 28, 2019

The Taklamakan Desert in China

In the Uigur language, Taklamakan may mean you can get into it but can never get out, according to Travel Guide China. We cant verify whether or not the translation is accurate, but the label fits such a large, dry, dangerous place for humans and most animals. Large lakes, including Lop Nor and Kara Koschun, have dried up, so over the millennia, the area of the desert has increased. The Taklamakan Desert is an inhospitable approximately 1000x500 km (193,051 sq. mi.) oval. It is far from any ocean, and so hot, dry, and cold, by turns, with shifting sand dunes covering 85% of the surface, propelled by northerly winds, and sandstorms. Alternate Spellings:  Taklimakan and Teklimakan Lack of Rainfall Wang Yue and Dong Guangrun of the Desert Research Institute in Lanzhou, China, say that in the Taklamakan Desert the average annual rainfall is less than 40 mm (1.57 inches). It is about 10 mm—thats just over a third of an inch—in the center and 100 mm at the bases of the mountains, according to Terrestrial Ecoregions—Taklimakan desert. Bordering Countries While it is in China, and bordered by various mountain ranges (Kunlun, Pamir, and Tian Shan), there are other countries around it: Tibet, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Pakistan, and India. Ancient Inhabitants People would have lived there comfortably 4000 years ago. Mummies were found in the region, perfectly preserved by the arid conditions, are presumed to be Indo-European-speaking Caucasians. Science, in a 2009 article, reports: In the northeastern edge of the desert, archaeologists from 2002 until 2005 excavated an extraordinary cemetery called Xiaohe, which has been radiocarbon-dated to as early as 2000 B.C.E.... A vast oval sand hill covering 25 hectares, the site is a forest of 140 standing poles marking the graves of long-lost society and environment. The poles, wood coffins, and carved wooden statues with pronounced noses come from the poplar forests of a far cooler and wetter climate. Silk Road Trade Routes One of the worlds largest deserts, the Taklamakan, is located in the northwest region of modern China, in Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region. There are oases located on two routes around the desert that served as important trading spots on the Silk Road. Along the north, the route went by the Tien Shan Mountains and along the south, the Kunlun Mountains of the Tibetan Plateau. Economist Andrà © Gunder Frank, who traveled along the northern route with UNESCO, says the southern route was most used in ancient times. It joined up with the northern route at Kashgar to head into India/Pakistan, Samarkand, and Bactria. Sources Archaeology in China: Bridging East and West, by Andrew Lawler; Science 21 August 2009: Vol. 325 no. 5943 pp. 940-943.News and Short Contributions, by Derrold W. Holcomb; Journal of Field Archaeology.On the Silk Road: An Academic Travelogue Andre Gunder Frank Economic and Political Weekly Vol. 25, No. 46 (Nov. 17, 1990), pp. 2536-2539.Sand Sea History of the Taklimakan for the Past 30,000 Years. by Wang Yue and Dong Guangrun Geografiska Annaler. Series A, Physical Geography Vol. 76, No. 3 (1994), pp. 131-141.Ancient Inner Asian Nomads: Their Economic Basis and Its Significance in Chinese History, by Nicola Di Cosmo; The Journal of Asian Studies Vol. 53, No. 4 (Nov. 1994), pp. 1092-1126.

Friday, December 20, 2019

The Rise Of Chin China - 2076 Words

THE RISE OF CHINA IN INTERNATIONAL RELATION THEORIES INTRODUCTION It is not until today that we see China as a rising power, so powerful that could shake the core of global system. Recent resilient economic growth and other development indexes have been widely quoted in thousands of political writings as the prominent evidence alarming about upcoming â€Å"systemic changes†. In fact, while Europe was still in the shadow of Dark Ages, China was inventing compass, gunpowder, paper and printing technology. While Penicillin was discovered in 1897 by Ernest Duchesne and later Alexander Fleming, China has been using soybean mold as antibiotic measure for already two thousand years. This is explicitly to say that the preeminence Chinese power is not a modern issue emerged from Mao to Xi period, from Long March iconic leaders to modern ambitious technocrats. During colonization period, the West has been constantly disregarding the strength of China and this only changed dramatically after 1976 when Mao death triggered a new period filling with econ omic successes. With very recent understanding of China as an important actor capable of upsetting the status quo of global system, realists are assuming potential war between China and the US, even an all-out nuclear escalation is possible and â€Å"containing† China is the only strategy. The miraculous growth of Chinese economy, technological and industrial wealth, according to them, pose a great threat to traditional order.Show MoreRelatedThe Rise Of Chin China1562 Words   |  7 Pages The rapid rise of China is considered as one of the greatest financial achievement, domestically China achieved a major change by raising 500 million of its people out of extreme poverty and we can say that China attained a major economic power within the span of three decades. It became the world’s largest holder of foreign exchange reserves, manufacturer, and the largest merchandise exporter. China’s remarkable economic growth for the last two decades can even go beyond the United States’ sizeRead MoreExperiencing Urbanization Via Life Story Method1734 Words   |  7 PagesExperiencing Urbanization via Life-Story Method Urbanization of lands in China have had a prominent effect on the lives of its people, including the inhabitants of both the peripheral and central cities throughout the country. 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The creation of GMRead MoreComparison on the Polybius from Punic Wars and Ssu-ma Chi’en995 Words   |   4 PagesAt the end of the third century B.C., there were two independent and strong powers existing separately at the southeast of China in Asia and at the core area of Mediterranean in Europe, the Han dynasty and Rome. They have both reached the high point of the contemporary civilizations. Also, they formed their empires by defeating their own hostile forces. There are significant differences between the two great empires in their process of birth, growth and perfection, ruling ideologies and institutionsRead MoreEssay on Chinese Dynasties3137 Words   |  13 PagesChinas earliest historically verifiable state 1766 B.C. to 1122 B.C. A. Reasons for Rise: Unlike the early accounts of history by the Chinese, there is archaeological evidence of the Shang, who built their cities in northern China around the eastern parts of the Yellow River. 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Wednesday, December 11, 2019

Epilepsy Oral Essay Example For Students

Epilepsy Oral Essay Epilepsy is a neurological condition, which is characterized by repeated convulsions or seizures. There is no known cure to this condition however it is treatable through medical therapy or through surgical treatment. Epilepsy is the earliest recorded brain disorder. People with epilepsy have been feared and isolated by society throughout history. Ancient Greeks thought people with epilepsy had mystical powers. Romans treated people with epilepsy as lepers and outcasts. Other theorists believed that those who had seizures sinned against God and as a punishment were now possessed by demonic spirits. It was early 400 B.C. when Hippocrates linked seizures to problems in the brain. This view was not accepted by his contemporaries and was pushed aside. It was not until the late 1800s that people again began to understand that epilepsy was caused by a brain malfunction. Two European physicians, John Hughlings Jackson and W.R. Gowers, studied people with epilepsy at the National Hospital for Paralyzed and Epileptics in London and proved Hippocrates theory that epilepsy is a brain malfunction. Still, the 19th century health care systems in Europe isolated people with epilepsy and forced them to live in colonies away from society. Until as late as the 1950s, people rarely talked about their epilepsy and therefore hid the disorder from the public. While there are some recognized causes to epilepsy the vast majority of cases have no known cause. In cases where the cause is known it is called Symptomatic Epilepsy. Fewer than thirty-five percent of cases have known causes. The most common o ut of these are h trauma or a high fever at birthh excessively rough handling or shaking of infantsh certain drugs or toxins administered in large dosesh Diseases or conditions that alter or disturb the balance of blood or its chemical structure h or diseases that damage the nerve cells in the brain can also cause epilepsy. However in sixty-five percent of all cases there is no known cause which is called Idiopathic Epilepsy. The brain is a highly complex and sensitive organ as it controls and regulates all our actions. It controls all motor movements, sensations, thoughts and emotions. As well as all involuntary actions such as blinking. The brain works by sending electric charges between different nerve cells in the brain and all other parts of the body as a means of communication. The onset of a seizure is caused by abnormal brain wave activity. The brain waves start off by having an abnormal rhythm caused by excessive and synchronous nerve cell discharges. This change in brain w aves triggers off the seizure. If the abnormal brain wave activity only occurs in one area of the brain it is called a partial seizure whereas if the brain wave activity affects nerve cells throughout the brain it is a generalized seizure. Epilepsy is a common disorder as there is a one percent chance of developing it. Almost fifty per cent of cases appear before the age of ten. In the majority of cases when it id developed under the age of ten the disorder will vanish over a period of time. We will write a custom essay on Epilepsy Oral specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The diagnosis and evaluation of Epilepsy requires the physician to know all about the seizures when they started, the patients appearance before, during, and after a seizure, and any unusual behavioral occurrences. A background of the familys health history is also commonly used. In addition, an electroencephalogram may help detect areas of increased nerve cell activityThere is no known cure to epilepsy however there is a number of treatments available. There are two main types of treatment available which are drug therapy or surgery. Drug therapy is the most commonly used treatment. The drug treatment is fairly effective with fifty percent of those on a drug treatment will have their seizures eliminated completely. A further thirty percent will have their seizures down to a level where they can still carry on with their normal lives. The remaining twenty percent of patients are either resistant to the medication, or else require such a dose of medication that it becomes preferable to have no control over seizures at all. Surgery is then left as an option to a minority of sufferers. In special cases the injured brain tissue can be removed through surgery which is a procedure similar to a lobotomy. This only happens when medication fails and the injured tissue is confined to one area of the brain and can be safely removed without damaging personality or functions. There are over 40 types of seizure, ranging from seizures which can go totally unnoticed by other people right through to the classic Grand mal seizure A common sort of generalized seizure known as Grand mal. The muscles contract, the body stiffens and then jerks uncontrollably. You may scream as your respiratory muscles contract and your lips may go blue due to lack of oxygen. You then lose consciousness, when you wake up you cannot remember anything and you need time to recover which may range from minutes to hours. .ud1ff2db007c34cfbf4d414fc846625eb , .ud1ff2db007c34cfbf4d414fc846625eb .postImageUrl , .ud1ff2db007c34cfbf4d414fc846625eb .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ud1ff2db007c34cfbf4d414fc846625eb , .ud1ff2db007c34cfbf4d414fc846625eb:hover , .ud1ff2db007c34cfbf4d414fc846625eb:visited , .ud1ff2db007c34cfbf4d414fc846625eb:active { border:0!important; } .ud1ff2db007c34cfbf4d414fc846625eb .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ud1ff2db007c34cfbf4d414fc846625eb { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ud1ff2db007c34cfbf4d414fc846625eb:active , .ud1ff2db007c34cfbf4d414fc846625eb:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ud1ff2db007c34cfbf4d414fc846625eb .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ud1ff2db007c34cfbf4d414fc846625eb .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ud1ff2db007c34cfbf4d414fc846625eb .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ud1ff2db007c34cfbf4d414fc846625eb .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ud1ff2db007c34cfbf4d414fc846625eb:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ud1ff2db007c34cfbf4d414fc846625eb .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ud1ff2db007c34cfbf4d414fc846625eb .ud1ff2db007c34cfbf4d414fc846625eb-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ud1ff2db007c34cfbf4d414fc846625eb:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Confucianism EssayAnother common type of seizure is an absence. This generalized seizure is literally an absence a momentary lapse in awareness. This type of epilepsy is most common in children and teenagers. You stop what you are doing, stare, blink or look vague for a few seconds before carrying on with what you were doing. Onlookers may think you were just daydreaming or may not notice. Before the onset of a seizure some people may experience an aura. An aura is sensation that acts as a warning to an oncoming seizure. The type of aura varies from person to person. They can range from a strange taste to a musical sound that plays in your head. The type of aura can help identify the part of the brain that the unusual brain waves are discharged. It is a common problem that people with epilepsy are discriminated against however this is completely unnecessary as most people can live normal lives with epilepsy. Epilepsy is a common condition that can occur for no obvious reason in anyone. The disease is in no way contagious or transmittable. Most people who develop the condition either grow out of the condition or can lead normal lives through the use of medication or surgery. Therefore those with the disease should in no way be treated any differently to others.

Wednesday, December 4, 2019

Social Responsibility of a Business-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Disccuss about Does business have a social responsibility?. Answer: Business The term business can be explained as exchange of goods and services for money. It can be further explained as the work related with buying, production and selling of goods and services in exchange of some funds[1]. For a business corporate social responsibility is very beneficial which can be defined as follows: Corporate social responsibility Corporate social responsibility can be explained as the initiative taken by the business organization in which they take responsibility of their effects on environment and society.[2] It can be further defined as the ethical principle according to which the organization should be responsible for their behaviour and effects on society and environment. According to my point of view corporate social responsibility is very necessary for the business organization because this is the era of social business organization. The business organization who actually follows corporate social responsibility (CSR) is the most successful as it gives many benefits to the organization which are as follows: Reputation: CSR practices help the business organization to build good reputation among customers and the society which will further lead them towards the goals of the organization[3]. For example if we talk about India, a company called Indian Oil Corporation limited has highly contributed in the women empowerment which has increased the reputation of the company. Loyalty: CSR practices help the organization to gain the loyalty of the customers. The people generally like to deal with the companies which are literally responsible. The customers expect business to follow CSR practices as they believed that the organization which is socially responsible will provide good quality products. Therefore it ultimately makes them loyal for the organization[4]. Brand image: CSR practices help the organization to build great brand image of the product. When the customers find the organization responsible then they will buy more products and even recommend others also. Increase the ability to attract talent: The organization which follows CSR practices have good reputation and good brand image among people[5]. Every person wants to work in a socially responsible organization. The organization which performs CSR activities will definitely provide the safe workplace to their employees. Therefore it ultimately attracts the talented staff toward them. Competitive advantage: CSR practices help the organization to survive in this dynamic business environment. It gives competitive advantage to the organization as a socially responsible organization has a good image so it attracts large number of customers[6]. They also gain the trust of the customers by being responsible for their effects. Afterwards it becomes even difficult for them to shift to another brand. According to many studies it has been proved that the socially responsible organization grow faster than the other organizations[7]. The socially responsible organization involves satisfied employees and satisfied customers and it also give competitive advantage to the organization. CSR practice is important for the business organization as the CSR practices involves producing quality products, minimum use of chemical, paying fair wages, no biasness, producing environment friendly products and many more. There are many reasons that can describe why a business should follow CSR practices which are: The employees want their organization to be socially responsible because they want to work in a good environment which involves safe workplace, where they can easily share their opinions with others, where they dont have to face any discrimination regarding their identities, where they get fair wages. In this new era of socially responsible organization the employees not only want their organization to be just not bad they want more than this[8]. Every employee of the organization wants recognition and respect in the organization. They want good organization which includes good environment. Customers want business organization to be responsible for their practices. They expect business to follow CSR practices as they believed that the organization which is socially responsible will provide good quality products. A study shows that the average consumer will drive 10 minutes extra to buy the quality products. The customers are even ready to pay extra for those products[9]. CSR practices helps to Attract and retain investors. The investors would only like to invest in the organizations which have good reputation and CSR helps to maintain good reputation among investors. In this new era the investors do not only want to know about the financial aspect of the organization but they also wants to make sure that they are following CSR practices[10]. The socially responsible organization captures the attention of the investors by donating the money to some nonprofit organization. They want investors to know that they not only focus on profits but they are also committed towards the environmental issues and causes. They attract the investors by showing their commitment towards the organization which literally has some impact on the lives of the people. CSR practices helps in increasing media coverage. No one will know about your good work till it gets acknowledged by everyone so media coverage is very necessary. Corporate social responsibility is when an organization is doing something good for the environment and society and beyond that. Therefore when the organization is doing good work then it must be covered by media which will create the good image of the organization. CSR helps in reducing cost. According to my point of view CSR helps in reducing cost for the organization as it helps the organization to retain customers, suppliers, investors and employees. They do not need to do advertising to attract the customers and investors[11]. Under CSR practices, the organization by reducing the use of resources can help the environment and save funds also. With some simple efforts an organization can lower the range of cost and increase the range of profits. CSR practices helps in encouraging growth of the organization. The CSR practice gives competitive advantage to the organization as well as strength to the organization to survive in this dynamic environment. Ultimately it leads the organization towards the growth. Under CSR practices employers and employees both get to learn so many new things which can be applied in the workplace[12]. By indulging in CSR practices organization get to learn entirely new things which will encourage the overall growth of the organization. CSR practices helps in engaging customers. No one will know about your good work till it gets acknowledged by everyone[13]. Few years ago a company called Wallmart has established itself as the principal of environmental efforts. Wallmart has become the principal of environmentalism then in 2008, it conducts an ad campaign to create awareness among people regarding environmental issues. Therefore by using CSR one can engage with customers easily. If the message is positive and good then it will be easier to start a conversation with customers. CSR also helps to engage employees. As it helps to engage customers likewise it also helps to engage employees. The organization is losing an opportunity if the employees are not aware of the CSR practices of the organization[14]. A company called Solo Cup Company organized a Sustainability Action Network to make the employees proactive in regards with community service. Conclusion It can be concluded that corporate social responsibility is very beneficial and important for the business organization as it provides competitive advantage to them. It also helps to engage with employees and customers. It also helps to reduce the overall cost of the organization. It enhances the overall skills of the organizations as it helps to increase both the professional growth and personal growth Bibliography Branco, M.C. and Rodrigues, L.L., Corporate social responsibility and resource-based perspectives, Journal of business Ethics, 69(2), pp.111-132 , 2006. BusinessDictionary, business, 2018. Available at: https://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/business.html Chernev, A. and Blair, S., Doing well by doing good: The benevolent halo of corporate social responsibility, Journal of Consumer Research, 41(6), pp.1412-1425, 2018. Friedman, M., The Social Responsibility of Business is to Increase its Profits, New York, 1970. Kotler, P. and Lee, N., Corporate social responsibility: Doing the most good for your company and your cause, John Wiley Sons, 2008. Lydenberg, S. and Wood, D., How to read a corporate social responsibility report: A users guide. Boston College Centre for Corporate Citizenship: Boston, MA, USA, 2010. Muir, S., Top 5 benefits of Corporate Social Responsibility, 2015. Available at: https://cubegroup.com.au/top-5-benefits-of-corporate-social-responsibility/ Tai, F.M. and Chuang, S.H., Corporate social responsibility, Ibusiness, 6(03), p.117, 2014 Wild, M., How Corporate Social Responsibility Benefits Big Businesses, 2014. Available at: https://www.sustainablebusinesstoolkit.com/corporate-social-responsibility-benefits-big-businesses/ Yakovleva, N., Corporate social responsibility in the mining industries, Routledge, 2017. Zadek, S., The path to corporate responsibility, In Corporate ethics and corporate governance (pp. 159-172). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2007. BusinessDictionary, business, 2018 (online) Branco, M.C. and Rodrigues, L.L., Corporate social responsibility and resource-based perspectives, Journal of business Ethics, 69(2), pp.111-132 , 2006. Muir, S., Top 5 benefits of Corporate Social Responsibility, 2015 (online) Wild, M., How Corporate Social Responsibility Benefits Big Businesses, 2014 (online). Wild, M., How Corporate Social Responsibility Benefits Big Businesses, 2014 (online). Muir, S., Top 5 benefits of Corporate Social Responsibility, 2015 (online). Lydenberg, S. and Wood, D., How to read a corporate social responsibility report: A users guide. Boston College Centre for Corporate Citizenship: Boston, MA, USA, 2010. Yakovleva, N., Corporate social responsibility in the mining industries, Routledge, 2017. Zadek, S., The path to corporate responsibility, In Corporate ethics and corporate governance (pp. 159-172). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2007. Chernev, A. and Blair, S., Doing well by doing good: The benevolent halo of corporate social responsibility, Journal of Consumer Research, 41(6), pp.1412-1425, 2018 Friedman, M., The Social Responsibility of Business is to Increase its Profits, New York, 1970. Kotler, P. and Lee, N., Corporate social responsibility: Doing the most good for your company and your cause, John Wiley Sons, 2008 Tai, F.M. and Chuang, S.H., Corporate social responsibility, Ibusiness, 6(03), p.117, 2014. Zadek, S., The path to corporate responsibility, In Corporate ethics and corporate governance (pp. 159-172). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2007.